Ammonium+Hydroxide

====**Household ammonia** is dilute ammonium hydroxide, which is also an ingredient of numerous other cleaning agents, including many window-cleaning formulas. In addition to use as an ingredient in cleansers with other cleansing ingredients, ammonium hydroxide in water is also sold as a cleaning agent by itself, usually labeled as simply "ammonia". It may be sold plain, lemon-scented (and typically colored yellow), or pine-scented (green). Commonly available ammonia that has had soap added to it is known as "Cloudy ammonia". This is the amonia we use to clean our tiled floors.==== ====In industry, ammonium hydroxide is used as a precursor to some alkyl amines, although anhydrous ammonia is usually preferred. Hexamethylentetramine forms readily from aqueous ammonia and formaldehyde. Ethylenediamine forms from 1,2-dichloroethane and aqueous ammonia.==== ====In furniture-making, ammonium hydroxide was traditionally used to darken or stain wood containing tannic acid. After being sealed inside a container with the wood, fumes from the ammonium hydroxide react with the tannic acid and iron salts naturally found in wood, creating a rich, dark stained look to the wood. This was commonly used during the arts and crafts movement in furniture- a furniture style which was primarily constructed of oak and stained using these methods.==== ====As a food additive, ammonium hydroxide is used as an antimicrobil. In the United States, ammonium hydroxide is classified by the Food and Drug Administration as generally recognized as safe (GRAS). Some fast-food restaurants use beef that has been treated with ammonium hydroxide to make it safe, but McDonald's, Burger King and Taco Bell restaurants have recently stopped this practice. Beef treated with ammonium hydroxide can still be found on grocery shelves. [====

It is also known to be used by aquarists for the purposes of fishless cycling, but this requires that there are no surfactants or scents, it should be colorless and shouldn't foam when shaken.
Some common chemical reactions involved ammonium hydroxide are: NH3+H2O=NH3H2O, this reaction is reversible. SO2+NH3H2O=(NH4)2SO3+H2O

Lean finely textured beef (LFTB) or "pink slime" that is used in inexpensive meat products is treated with ammonia gas.

Laboratory use

Aqueous ammonia is used in traditional qualitative inorganic analysis as a complexant and base. Like many amines, it gives a deep blue coloration with copper(II) solutions. Ammonia solution can dissolve silver residues, such as that formed from Tollen's' regent. When ammonium hydroxide is mixed with dilute hydrogen peroxcide in the presence of a metal ion, such as Cu2+, the peroxide will undergo rapid decomposition. [|[show]] || [|[show]] || 0.88 g/cm3 (32 %) ||
 * ~ Ammonium hydroxide ||
 * [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Ammonia-3D-balls.png/100px-Ammonia-3D-balls.png width="100" height="66" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ammonia-3D-balls.png"]] || [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Water-3D-balls.png/100px-Water-3D-balls.png width="100" height="68" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Water-3D-balls.png"]] ||
 * [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Ammonium-3D-balls.png/100px-Ammonium-3D-balls.png width="100" height="98" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ammonium-3D-balls.png"]] || [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Hydroxide-3D-balls.png/80px-Hydroxide-3D-balls.png width="80" height="49" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hydroxide-3D-balls.png"]] ||
 * ~ Identifiers ||
 * [|CAS number] || [|1336-21-6]  [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png width="7" height="7" caption="Yes"]] ||
 * [|ChemSpider] || [|14218]  [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png width="7" height="7" caption="Yes"]] ||
 * [|UNII] || [|5138Q19F1X]  [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png width="7" height="7" caption="Yes"]] ||
 * [|KEGG] || [|C01358]  [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png width="7" height="8"]] ||
 * [|ChEBI] || [|CHEBI:18219]  [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png width="7" height="7" caption="Yes"]] ||
 * [|Jmol] -3D images || [|Image 1] ||
 * [|SMILES]
 * [|InChI]
 * ~ Properties [|[1]] ||
 * [|Molecular formula] || NH4OH ||
 * [|Molar mass] || 35.04 g/mol ||
 * Appearance || very volatile solution, colorless, bitter smell ||
 * [|Density] || 0.91 g/cm3 (25 %)
 * [|Melting point] || −57.5 °C (25%)

−91.5 °C (32%) ||
 * [|Boiling point] || 37.7 °C (25%)

24.7 °C (32%) || [|formation] Δf//H//o298 || −80 kJ·mol−1 [|[2]] || [|entropy] //S//o298 || 111 J·mol−1·K−1 [|[2]] || Dangerous to the environment (**N**) || [|Ammonium cyanide] || [|Hydroxylamine] ||
 * [|Solubility] in [|water] || Miscible ||
 * ~ Thermochemistry ||
 * [|Std enthalpy of]
 * [|Standard molar]
 * ~ Hazards [|[3]] ||
 * [|EU classification] || Corrosive (**C**)
 * [|R-phrases] || [|R34], [|R50] ||
 * [|S-phrases] || [|(S1/2)], [|S26] , [|S36/37/39] , [|S45] , [|S61] ||
 * ~ Related compounds ||
 * Other [|anions] || [|Ammonium chloride]
 * Other [|cations] || [|Tetramethylammonium hydroxide] ||
 * Related compounds || [|Ammonia]