Glycolysis

=**Glycolysis**=

This is the metabolic process of transforming glucose into pyruvate. Its a complex 10 step process that happens in every organism and is essential to the living.
Glycolysis is a definite sequence of ten reactions involving ten intermediate compounds (one of the steps involves two intermediates). The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose, glucose, and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat. It occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient known metabolic pathways.[2home] It occurs in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the //Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway (EMP pathway)//, which was first discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the //Entner–Doudoroff pathway// and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden-Meyerhof pathway.
 * Glycolysis** (from //glycose//, an older term[1home] for glucose + //-lysis// degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate), FADH2 and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).

**Chemical Reaction**

 * D -[Glucose] ||  ||   ||   || [Pyruvate] ||   ||
 * [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/D-glucose_wpmp.png width="117" height="123" caption="D-glucose wpmp.png" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:D-glucose_wpmp.png"]] || + 2 [NAD]+ + 2 [ADP] + 2 [P]i || [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Biochem_reaction_arrow_foward_NNNN_horiz_med.png width="75" height="75" caption="Biochem reaction arrow foward NNNN horiz med.png" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Biochem_reaction_arrow_foward_NNNN_horiz_med.png"]] || 2 || [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Pyruvate2_wpmp.png width="80" height="63" caption="Pyruvate2 wpmp.png" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pyruvate2_wpmp.png"]] || + 2 [NADH] + 2 H+ + 2 [ATP] + 2 H2O ||
 * **Produced within our body**
 * If produced too much, can produce cancer and Alzheimers Disease
 * If produced too much, can produce cancer and Alzheimers Disease