nitrogen+gas

__Nitrogen Gas__ (N2) Accounts for ~78% of the atmosphere

Essential for life on Earth both for humans and animals. Also important for aquatic life as well.

Nitrogen gas is colorless, odorless and tasteless. Nitrogen gas is used to produce ammonia (N2(g)+3H2(g)=2NH3(g)) in industry. It's hard for nitrogen gas to react with other substances in room temperature. In lab it is prepared by treating ammonium chloride with sodium nitrite. NH4Cl(aq) + NaNO2(aq) → N2(g) + NaCl(aq) + 2 H2O (l)

Nitrogen is formally considered to have been discovered by Scottish physician [|Daniel Rutherford] in 1772, who called it //noxious air// or //fixed air//. [|[2]] The fact that there was an element of air that does not support [|combustion] was clear to Rutherford. Nitrogen was also studied at about the same time by [|Carl Wilhelm Scheele], [|Henry Cavendish] , and [|Joseph Priestley] , who referred to it as //burnt air// or // [|phlogisticated air] //. Nitrogen gas was [|inert] enough that [|Antoine Lavoisier] referred to it as " [|mephitic air] " or //azote//, from the Greek word ἄζωτος (//azotos//) meaning "lifeless". [|[3]] In it, animals died and flames were extinguished. Lavoisier's name for nitrogen is used in many languages (French, Polish, Russian, etc.) and still remains in English in the common names of many compounds, such as hydrazine and compounds of the [|azide] ion. The English word nitrogen (1794) entered the language [|[4]] from the French //nitrogène,// coined in 1790 by French chemist [|Jean-Antoine Chaptal] (1756–1832), from "nitre" + Fr. //gène// "producing" (from Gk. -γενής means "forming" or "giving birth to."). The gas had been found in [|nitric acid]. Chaptal's meaning was that nitrogen gas is the essential part of nitric acid, in turn formed from saltpetre ( [|potassium nitrate] ), then known as [|nitre]. This word in the more ancient world originally described sodium salts that did not contain nitrate, and is a cognate of [|natron]. Nitrogen compounds were well known during the Middle Ages. [|Alchemists] knew nitric acid as //aqua fortis// (strong water). The mixture of nitric and [|hydrochloric acids] was known as // [|aqua regia] // (royal water), celebrated for its ability to dissolve [|gold] (the //king// of metals). The earliest military, industrial, and agricultural applications of nitrogen compounds used saltpetre ( [|sodium nitrate] or potassium nitrate), most notably in [|gunpowder], and later as [|fertilizer]. In 1910, [|Lord Rayleigh] discovered that an electrical discharge in nitrogen gas produced "active nitrogen", an [|allotrope] considered to be [|monatomic]. The "whirling cloud of brilliant yellow light" produced by his apparatus reacted with [|quicksilver] to produce explosive [|mercury nitride]. [|[5]]

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=**Nitrogen Specialty, Industrial and Medical Gas**=

Nitrogen Gas(N2) – makes up 78.03% of air. Nitrogen is often used as an inert gas because of its nonreactive nature with many materials.

Nitrogen gas is available in cylinders and bulk.

**What are the uses of Nitrogen?**
Nitrogen gas is used as an inert atmosphere in food and chemical processing, as an atmosphere for crystal growing and a carrier gas for gas chromatography.

Medical Nitrogen NF This colorless, odorless, nonflammable gas constitutes a major portion (78.03%) of the earth's atmosphere. Nitrogen is relatively nonreactive and can act as a simple asphyxiant by displacing air.