Javel+Water


 * Sodium hypochlorite ** is a chemical compound with the [|formula] NaOCl. Sodium hypochlorite solution, commonly known as bleach or clorox, is frequently used as a disinfectant or a bleaching agent.[[image:200px-Sodium-hypochlorite.png]]

Needs to be handled with care as some solutions can burn the eyes and skin.


 * Javel water :**aqueous solution of sodium or potassium hypochlorite. It was originally made near the French town of Javelle (now part of Paris) and was the first chemical bleach, a use first demonstrated by C. L. Berthollet in 1785. It was produced by passing chlorine gas through a water solution of potash ( __ potassium carbonate __). After the invention of __ bleaching powder  __Javelle water was sometimes produced by reacting the bleaching powder with potash or soda ash ( __ sodium carbonate  __). Now usually sodium hypochlorite solution, it is used in __ bleaching  __and as a disinfectant.


 * Reactions it can make:**

Sodium hypochlorite reacts with metals gradually, such as zinc, to produce the metal oxide or hydroxide: NaClO + Zn → ZnO + NaCl It reacts with hydrochloric acid to release chlorine gas: NaClO + 2 HCl → Cl2 + H2O + NaCl It reacts with other acids, such as acetic acid, to release hypochlorous acid: NaClO + CH3COOH → HClO + CH3COONa It decomposes when heated to form sodium chlorate and sodium chloride: 3 NaClO → NaClO3 + 2 NaCl In reaction with hydrogen peroxide it gives off molecular oxygen: NaClO + H2O2 → H2O + NaCl + O2↑ When dissolved in a solution of water, it will slowly decompose, releasing chlorine, oxygen, and sodium hydroxide. 4 NaClO + 2 H2O → 4 NaOH + 2 Cl2 + O2

Oxidation
Household bleach, with a [|phase-transfer catalyst], has been reported to oxidize alcohols to the corresponding [|carbonyl] compound.

Mixing bleach with some household cleaners can be hazardous. For example, mixing an [|acid] cleaner with sodium hypochlorite bleach generates [|chlorine] gas. Mixing with [|ammonia] solutions (including [|urine] ) produces [|chloramines]. Mixtures of other cleaning agents and or organic matter can result in a gaseous reaction that can cause acute lung injury. [|[11]] NH4OH + NaClO → NaOH + NH2Cl + H2O Both chlorine gas and chloramine gas are [|toxic]. Bleach can react violently with [|hydrogen peroxide] and produce oxygen gas: [|[12]] H2O2(aq) + NaClO(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + O2(g)
 * ~ Properties ||
 * [|Molecular formula] || NaOCl ||
 * [|Molar mass] || 74.442 g/mol ||
 * Appearance || greenish-yellow solid ||
 * [|Odor] || disagreeable and sweetish ||
 * [|Density] || 1.11 g/cm3 ||
 * [|Melting point] || 18 °C, 291 K, 64 °F (pentahydrate) ||
 * [|Boiling point] || 101 °C, 374 K, 214 °F (decomp.) ||
 * [|Solubility] in [|water] || 29.3 g/100mL (0 °C) ||
 * [|Acidity] (p//K//a) || >7 ||