seaborguim

Seabborguim is a synthetic chemical element with the symbol Sg and an atomic number of 106 it was first creatted in 1974 at the lawrence berkeley laboratory. seabborguim is the heaviest member of group 6

Like with many other elements, it can have both a gas and aqueous state in experiments.

Extrapolated properties
Oxidation states Seaborgium is projected to be the third member of the 6d series of transition metals and the heaviest member of group 6 in the Periodic Table, below [|chromium], [|molybdenum] and [|tungsten]. All the members of the group readily portray their group oxidation state of +6 and the state becomes more stable as the group is descended. Thus seaborgium is expected to form a stable +6 state. For this group, stable +5 and +4 states are well represented for the heavier members and the +3 state is known but reducing, except for chromium(III). Chemistry Much seaborgium chemical behavior is predicted by extrapolation from its lighter cogeners molybdenum and tungsten. Molybdenum and tungsten readily form stable trioxides MO3, so seaborgium should form SgO3. The oxides MO3 are soluble in alkali with the formation of oxyanions, so seaborgium should form a seaborgate ion, SgO42−. In addition, WO3 reacts with acid, suggesting similar amphotericity for SgO3. Molybdenum oxide, MoO3, also reacts with moisture to form a hydroxide MoO2(OH)2, so SgO2(OH)2 is also feasible. The heavier homologues readily form the volatile, reactive hexahalides MX6 (X=Cl,F). Only tungsten forms the unstable hexabromide, WBr6. Therefore, the compounds SgF6 and SgCl6 are predicted, and "eka-tungsten character" may show itself in increased stability of the hexabromide, SgBr6. These halides are unstable to oxygen and moisture and readily form volatile oxyhalides, MOX4 and MO2X2. Therefore SgOX4 (X=F,Cl) and SgO2X2 (X=F,Cl) should be possible. In aqueous solution, a variety of anionic oxyfluoro-complexes are formed with fluoride ion, examples being MOF5− and MO3F33−. Similar seaborgium complexes are expected.

Gas phase
Initial experiments aiming at probing the chemistry of seaborgium focused on the gas thermochromatography of a volatile oxychloride. Seaborgium atoms were produced in the reaction248Cm(22Ne,4n)266Sg, thermalised, and reacted with an O2/HCl mixture. The adsorption properties of the resulting oxychloride were measured and compared with those of molybdenum and tungsten compounds. The results indicated that seaborgium formed a volatile oxychloride akin to those of the other group 6 elements: Sg + O2 + 2 HCl → SgO2Cl2 + H2 In 2001, a team continued the study of the gas phase chemistry of seaborgium by reacting the element with O2 in a H2O environment. In a manner similar to the formation of the oxychloride, the results of the experiment indicated the formation of seaborgium oxide hydroxide, a reaction well known among the lighter group 6 homologues. [|[4]] 2 Sg + 3 O2 → 2 SgO3 SgO3 + H2O → SgO2(OH)2

Aqueous phase
In its aqueous chemistry, seaborgium has been shown to resemble its lighter homologues molybdenum and tungsten, forming a stable +6 oxidation state. Seaborgium was eluted from cation exchange resin using a HNO3/HF solution, most likely as neutral SgO2F2 or the anionic complex ion [SgO2F3]−. In contrast, in 0.1 M HNO3, seaborgium does not elute, unlike Mo and W, indicating that the hydrolysis of [Sg(H2O)6]6+ only proceeds as far as the cationic complex [Sg(OH)5(H2O)]+.

Summary of investigated compounds and complex ions

 * ~ Formula ||~ Names(s) ||
 * SgO2Cl2 || seaborgium oxychloride ; seaborgium(VI) dioxide dichloride ; seaborgyl dichloride ||
 * SgO2F2 || seaborgium oxyfluoride ; seaborgium(VI) dioxide difluoride ; seaborgyl difluoride ||
 * SgO3 || seaborgium oxide ; seaborgium(VI) oxide ; seaborgium trioxide ||
 * SgO2(OH)2 || seaborgium oxide hydroxide ; seaborgium(VI) dioxide dihydroxide ||
 * [SgO2F3]− || trifluorodioxoseaborgate(VI) ||
 * [Sg(OH)5(H2O)]+ || aquapentahydroxyseaborgium(VI) ||