Bone+ash

**Bone ash[[image:chem103csu/cbe9caa5_d3834f67_4634_4855_b0a6_0e2320f3eae3.jpg width="246" height="193" align="right"]]**
Bone ash is composed of white material that is produced by the calcination of bones. It is primarily composed of calcium phosphate. It is commonly used in fertilizers, polishing compounds and in making ceramics such as bone china. Its use as a fertilizer is very resourceful. It also has historical uses in the manufacture of baking powders and assay cupels.



Although synthetic alternatives, such as dicalcium phosphate and tricalcium phosphate, have been produced, the majority of bone china is still made using natural bone ash. Synthetic bone ash has also found use as a mold release agent for the casting of non-ferrous metals such as copper. It is primarily composed of calcium phosphate. It is commonly used in fertilizers, polishing compounds and in making ceramics such as bone china. It also has historical uses in the manufacture of baking powders and assay cupels.

The analysis of bone ash is composed of 67-85% calcium phosphate, 3-10% calcium carbonate, 2-3% magnesium phosphate, and miniscule quantities of CaO and CaF2. However, these percentages can vary significantly depending on bone foundation and the process that is used. The general formula can be identified as Ca3(PO4)2.

It is analysis of the degree of mineralization of bone is done by an ash analysis in which the bone is heated at 600°C until there is no further weight loss.

Bone ash is also used in aluminum casting. It is helpful for preventing the cast from sticking when the metal has hardened.


 * Bone ash has the following properties:**
 * Has excellent non-wetting properties
 * Is chemically inert and free of organic matter
 * Has high resistance to heat transfer (natural thermal insulator)

Put half of the required water together with all the bone ash powder in a container. Add enough water to get a thorough mixing action. Continue mixing until lump free and uniform consistency is obtained. Do not vortex the mixture in order to avoid air entrainment. Add the remaining water as required by the formula or recipe. Another use for bone ash could be painting.
 * How to Use**

Calcium phosphate is the main composer of bone ash, which is essentially ground up bones. Its used for fertilizers to make organic living organisms grow faster and bigger and is used as a polishing agent for ceramics. Alternatives to bone ash made out of synthetic products have been produced, but most commonly real bone ash is still used.



Although synthetic alternatives, such as dicalcium phosphate and tricalcium phosphate. have been produced, the majority of bone china is still made using natural bone ash. Synthetic bone ash has also found use as a mold release agent for the casting of non-ferrous metals such as copper.
 * Bone ash** is the white, material produced by the calcination of bones. It is primarily composed of calcium phosphate. It is commonly used in fertilizers, polishing compounds and in making ceramics such as bone china.. It also has historical uses in the manufacture of baking powders and assay cupels.